如何为Firebase构建Cloud Functions以从多个文件部署多个功能？

我想为Firebase创建多个Cloud Functions，并从一个项目同时部署所有这些功能。我也想将每个函数分成一个单独的文件。当前，如果将它们都放在index.js中，则可以创建多个函数，例如：

exports.foo = functions.database.ref('/foo').onWrite(event => {
    ...
});

exports.bar = functions.database.ref('/bar').onWrite(event => {
    ...
});

但是我想把foo和bar放在单独的文件中。我尝试了这个：

/functions
|--index.js (blank)
|--foo.js
|--bar.js
|--package.json

foo.js在哪里

exports.foo = functions.database.ref('/foo').onWrite(event => {
    ...
});

而bar.js是

exports.bar = functions.database.ref('/bar').onWrite(event => {
    ...
});

有没有一种方法可以在不将所有功能都放入index.js的情况下完成此操作？

嗯，Firebase的Cloud Functions负载节点模块正常运行，因此可以正常工作

结构体：

/functions
|--index.js
|--foo.js
|--bar.js
|--package.json

index.js：

const functions = require('firebase-functions');
const fooModule = require('./foo');
const barModule = require('./bar');

exports.foo = functions.database.ref('/foo').onWrite(fooModule.handler);
exports.bar = functions.database.ref('/bar').onWrite(barModule.handler);

foo.js：

exports.handler = (event) => {
    ...
};

bar.js：

exports.handler = (event) => {
    ...
};

@jasonsirota的回答非常有帮助。但是，查看更详细的代码可能很有用，尤其是在使用HTTP触发功能的情况下。

使用与@jasonsirota答案相同的结构，可以说您希望在两个不同的文件中具有两个单独的HTTP触发函数：

目录结构：

    /functions
       |--index.js
       |--foo.js
       |--bar.js
       |--package.json`

index.js：

'use strict';
const fooFunction = require('./foo');
const barFunction = require('./bar');

// Note do below initialization tasks in index.js and
// NOT in child functions:
const functions = require('firebase-functions');
const admin = require('firebase-admin');
admin.initializeApp(functions.config().firebase); 
const database = admin.database();

// Pass database to child functions so they have access to it
exports.fooFunction = functions.https.onRequest((req, res) => {
    fooFunction.handler(req, res, database);
});
exports.barFunction = functions.https.onRequest((req, res) => {
    barFunction.handler(req, res, database);
});

foo.js：

 exports.handler = function(req, res, database) {
      // Use database to declare databaseRefs:
      usersRef = database.ref('users');
          ...
      res.send('foo ran successfully'); 
   }

bar.js：

exports.handler = function(req, res, database) {
  // Use database to declare databaseRefs:
  usersRef = database.ref('users');
      ...
  res.send('bar ran successfully'); 
}

更新：该文档应该有所帮助，我的答案比该文档还旧。

这是我个人使用打字稿的方式：

/functions
   |--src
      |--index.ts
      |--http-functions.ts
      |--main.js
      |--db.ts
   |--package.json
   |--tsconfig.json

让我通过发出两个警告来开始这项工作：

索引中的导入/导出顺序很重要
数据库必须是一个单独的文件

对于第二点，我不确定为什么。Secundo你应该尊重我的索引，主数据库的配置完全相同（至少尝试一下）。

index.ts：处理出口。我发现让index.ts处理出口更干净。

// main must be before functions
export * from './main';
export * from "./http-functions";

main.ts：处理初始化。

import { config } from 'firebase-functions';
import { initializeApp } from 'firebase-admin';

initializeApp(config().firebase);
export * from "firebase-functions";

db.ts：仅重新导出数据库，因此其名称比database()

import { database } from "firebase-admin";

export const db = database();

http-functions.ts

// db must be imported like this
import { db } from './db';
// you can now import everything from index. 
import { https } from './index';  
// or (both work)
// import { https } from 'firebase-functions';

export let newComment = https.onRequest(createComment);

export async function createComment(req: any, res: any){
    db.ref('comments').push(req.body.comment);
    res.send(req.body.comment);
}

现在，借助Cloud / Firebase功能提供的Node 8 LTS，您可以对传播算子进行以下操作：

/package.json

"engines": {
  "node": "8"
},

/index.js

const functions = require("firebase-functions");
const admin = require("firebase-admin");
admin.initializeApp();

module.exports = {
  ...require("./lib/foo.js"),
  // ...require("./lib/bar.js") // add as many as you like
};

/lib/foo.js

const functions = require("firebase-functions");
const admin = require("firebase-admin");

exports.fooHandler = functions.database
  .ref("/food/{id}")
  .onCreate((snap, context) => {
    let id = context.params["id"];

    return admin
      .database()
      .ref(`/bar/${id}`)
      .set(true);
  });

为简单起见（但确实可行），我亲自设计了这样的代码。

布局

├── /src/                      
│   ├── index.ts               
│   ├── foo.ts           
│   ├── bar.ts
|   ├── db.ts           
└── package.json

foo.ts

import * as functions from 'firebase-functions';
export const fooFunction = functions.database()......... {
    //do your function.
}

export const someOtherFunction = functions.database().......... {
    // do the thing.
}

巴特

import * as functions from 'firebase-functions';
export const barFunction = functions.database()......... {
    //do your function.
}

export const anotherFunction = functions.database().......... {
    // do the thing.
}

数据库

import * as admin from 'firebase-admin';
import * as functions from 'firebase-functions';

export const firestore = admin.firestore();
export const realtimeDb = admin.database();

索引

import * as admin from 'firebase-admin';
import * as functions from 'firebase-functions';

admin.initializeApp(functions.config().firebase);
// above codes only needed if you use firebase admin

export * from './foo';
export * from './bar';

适用于任何嵌套级别的目录。只需遵循目录内的模式即可。

归功于@zaidfazil答案

如果使用Babel / Flow，它将如下所示：

目录布局

.
├── /build/                     # Compiled output for Node.js 6.x
├── /src/                       # Application source files
│   ├── db.js                   # Cloud SQL client for Postgres
│   ├── index.js                # Main export(s)
│   ├── someFuncA.js            # Function A
│   ├── someFuncA.test.js       # Function A unit tests
│   ├── someFuncB.js            # Function B
│   ├── someFuncB.test.js       # Function B unit tests
│   └── store.js                # Firebase Firestore client
├── .babelrc                    # Babel configuration
├── firebase.json               # Firebase configuration
└── package.json                # List of project dependencies and NPM scripts

`src/index.js` -主要出口

export * from './someFuncA.js';
export * from './someFuncB.js';

`src/db.js` -Postgres的Cloud SQL客户端

import { Pool } from 'pg';
import { config } from 'firebase-functions';

export default new Pool({
  max: 1,
  user: '<username>',
  database: '<database>',
  password: config().db.password,
  host: `/cloudsql/${process.env.GCP_PROJECT}:<region>:<instance>`,
});

`src/store.js` -Firebase Firestore客户端

import firebase from 'firebase-admin';
import { config } from 'firebase-functions';

firebase.initializeApp(config().firebase);

export default firebase.firestore();

`src/someFuncA.js` -功能A

import { https } from 'firebase-functions';
import db from './db';

export const someFuncA = https.onRequest(async (req, res) => {
  const { rows: regions } = await db.query(`
    SELECT * FROM regions WHERE country_code = $1
  `, ['US']);
  res.send(regions);
});

`src/someFuncB.js` -功能B

import { https } from 'firebase-functions';
import store from './store';

export const someFuncB = https.onRequest(async (req, res) => {
  const { docs: regions } = await store
    .collection('regions')
    .where('countryCode', '==', 'US')
    .get();
  res.send(regions);
});

`.babelrc`

{
  "presets": [["env", { "targets": { "node": "6.11" } }]],
}

`firebase.json`

{
  "functions": {
    "source": ".",
    "ignore": [
      "**/node_modules/**"
    ]
  }
}

`package.json`

{
  "name": "functions",
  "verson": "0.0.0",
  "private": true,
  "main": "build/index.js",
  "dependencies": {
    "firebase-admin": "^5.9.0",
    "firebase-functions": "^0.8.1",
    "pg": "^7.4.1"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "babel-cli": "^6.26.0",
    "babel-core": "^6.26.0",
    "babel-jest": "^22.2.2",
    "babel-preset-env": "^1.6.1",
    "jest": "^22.2.2"
  },
  "scripts": {
    "test": "jest --env=node",
    "predeploy": "rm -rf ./build && babel --out-dir ./build src",
    "deploy": "firebase deploy --only functions"
  }
}

$ yarn install                  # Install project dependencies
$ yarn test                     # Run unit tests
$ yarn deploy                   # Deploy to Firebase

bigcodenerd.org轮廓的，以便有方法更简单的架构模式分成不同的文件，并在出口一线的内index.js文件。

此样本中项目的体系结构如下：

projectDirectory

index.js
podcast.js
profile.js

index.js

const admin = require('firebase-admin');
const podcast = require('./podcast');
const profile = require('./profile');
admin.initializeApp();

exports.getPodcast = podcast.getPodcast();
exports.removeProfile = profile.removeProfile();

podcast.js

const functions = require('firebase-functions');

exports.getPodcast = () => functions.https.onCall(async (data, context) => {
      ...
      return { ... }
  });

概要文件中的removeProfile方法将使用相同的模式。

为简单起见（但确实可行），我亲自设计了这样的代码。

布局

├── /src/                      
│   ├── index.ts               
│   ├── foo.ts           
│   ├── bar.ts           
└── package.json

foo.ts

export const fooFunction = functions.database()......... {
    //do your function.
}

export const someOtherFunction = functions.database().......... {
    // do the thing.
}

巴特

export const barFunction = functions.database()......... {
    //do your function.
}

export const anotherFunction = functions.database().......... {
    // do the thing.
}

索引

import * as fooFunctions from './foo';
import * as barFunctions from './bar';

module.exports = {
    ...fooFunctions,
    ...barFunctions,
};

适用于任何嵌套级别的目录。只需遵循目录内的模式即可。

这种格式允许您的入口点自动查找其他功能文件，并在每个文件中导出每个功能。

主入口点脚本

在functions文件夹中查找所有.js文件，并导出从每个文件导出的每个函数。

const fs = require('fs');
const path = require('path');

// Folder where all your individual Cloud Functions files are located.
const FUNCTIONS_FOLDER = './scFunctions';

fs.readdirSync(path.resolve(__dirname, FUNCTIONS_FOLDER)).forEach(file => { // list files in the folder.
  if(file.endsWith('.js')) {
    const fileBaseName = file.slice(0, -3); // Remove the '.js' extension
    const thisFunction = require(`${FUNCTIONS_FOLDER}/${fileBaseName}`);
    for(var i in thisFunction) {
        exports[i] = thisFunction[i];
    }
  }
});

从一个文件导出多个功能的示例

const functions = require('firebase-functions');

const query = functions.https.onRequest((req, res) => {
    let query = req.query.q;

    res.send({
        "You Searched For": query
    });
});

const searchTest = functions.https.onRequest((req, res) => {
    res.send({
        "searchTest": "Hi There!"
    });
});

module.exports = {
    query,
    searchTest
}

http可访问的端点已适当命名

✔ functions: query: http://localhost:5001/PROJECT-NAME/us-central1/query
✔ functions: helloWorlds: http://localhost:5001/PROJECT-NAME/us-central1/helloWorlds
✔ functions: searchTest: http://localhost:5001/PROJECT-NAME/us-central1/searchTest

一个文件

如果只有几个其他文件（例如，一个），则可以使用：

const your_functions = require('./path_to_your_functions');

for (var i in your_functions) {
  exports[i] = your_functions[i];
}

因此，我有一个具有后台功能和http功能的项目。我也有单元测试的测试。CI / CD将使您在部署云功能时的生活更加轻松

资料夹结构

|-- package.json
|-- cloudbuild.yaml
|-- functions
    |-- index.js
    |-- background
    |   |-- onCreate
    |       |-- index.js
            |-- create.js
    |
    |-- http
    |   |-- stripe
    |       |-- index.js
    |       |-- payment.js
    |-- utils
        |-- firebaseHelpers.js
    |-- test
        |-- ...
    |-- package.json

注意： utils/文件夹用于功能之间的共享代码

函数/ index.js

在这里，您可以导入所需的所有功能并声明它们。这里不需要逻辑。我认为它使它更清洁。

require('module-alias/register');
const functions = require('firebase-functions');

const onCreate = require('@background/onCreate');
const onDelete = require('@background/onDelete');
const onUpdate = require('@background/onUpdate');

const tours  = require('@http/tours');
const stripe = require('@http/stripe');

const docPath = 'tours/{tourId}';

module.exports.onCreate = functions.firestore.document(docPath).onCreate(onCreate);
module.exports.onDelete = functions.firestore.document(docPath).onDelete(onDelete);
module.exports.onUpdate = functions.firestore.document(docPath).onUpdate(onUpdate);

module.exports.tours  = functions.https.onRequest(tours);
module.exports.stripe = functions.https.onRequest(stripe);

CI / CD

每次将更改推送到存储库时，进行持续的集成和部署怎么样？您可以使用google google cloud build拥有它。它是免费的，直到特定时间为止：)检查此链接。

./cloudbuild.yaml

steps:
  - name: "gcr.io/cloud-builders/npm"
    args: ["run", "install:functions"]
  - name: "gcr.io/cloud-builders/npm"
    args: ["test"]
  - name: "gcr.io/${PROJECT_ID}/firebase"
    args:
      [
        "deploy",
        "--only",
        "functions",
        "-P",
        "${PROJECT_ID}",
        "--token",
        "${_FIREBASE_TOKEN}"
      ]

substitutions:
    _FIREBASE_TOKEN: nothing

从长远来看，有一种很好的方法来组织所有云功能。我最近做了这个，并且运行正常。

我所做的就是根据触发器的端点将每个云功能组织在单独的文件夹中。每个云函数文件名都以结尾*.f.js。例如，如果您有onCreate和onUpdate触发器，user/{userId}/document/{documentId}则在目录中创建两个文件onCreate.f.js，然后将函数分别命名为和。（1）onUpdate.f.jsfunctions/user/document/userDocumentOnCreateuserDocumentOnUpdate

这是一个示例目录结构：

functions/
|----package.json
|----index.js
/----user/
|-------onCreate.f.js
|-------onWrite.f.js
/-------document/
|------------onCreate.f.js
|------------onUpdate.f.js
/----books/
|-------onCreate.f.js
|-------onUpdate.f.js
|-------onDelete.f.js

样例功能

const functions = require('firebase-functions');
const admin = require('firebase-admin');
const db = admin.database();
const documentsOnCreate = functions.database
    .ref('user/{userId}/document/{documentId}')
    .onCreate((snap, context) => {
        // your code goes here
    });
exports = module.exports = documentsOnCreate;

Index.js

const glob = require("glob");
const camelCase = require('camelcase');
const admin = require('firebase-admin');
const serviceAccount = require('./path/to/ServiceAccountKey.json');
try {
    admin.initializeApp({ credential: admin.credential.cert(serviceAccount),
    databaseURL: "Your database URL" });
} catch (e) {
    console.log(e);
}

const files = glob.sync('./**/*.f.js', { cwd: __dirname });
for (let f = 0, fl = files.length; f < fl; f++) {
    const file = files[f];
    const functionName = camelCase(file.slice(0, -5).split('/')); 
    if (!process.env.FUNCTION_NAME || process.env.FUNCTION_NAME === functionName) {
        exports[functionName] = require(file);
      }
}

（1）：您可以使用任意名称。对我来说，onCreate.f.js，onUpdate.f.js等似乎与它们所触发的类型更相关。

如果您要使用打字稿创建云函数，这是一个简单的答案。

/functions
|--index.ts
|--foo.ts

在顶部，几乎所有常规导入都仅导出的所有功能foo.ts。

export * from './foo';

Firebase文档现已更新，其中包含有关多文件代码组织的良好指南：

文档>云功能>编写功能>组织功能

总结一下：

foo.js

const functions = require('firebase-functions');
exports.foo = functions.https.onRequest((request, response) => {
  // ...
});

bar.js

const functions = require('firebase-functions');
exports.bar = functions.https.onRequest((request, response) => {
  // ...
});

index.js

const foo = require('./foo');
const bar = require('./bar');
exports.foo = foo.foo;
exports.bar = bar.bar;

我使用香草JS引导加载程序来自动包含我要使用的所有功能。

├── /functions
│   ├── /test/
│   │   ├── testA.js
│   │   └── testB.js
│   ├── index.js
│   └── package.json

index.js（引导程序）

/**
 * The bootloader reads all directories (single level, NOT recursively)
 * to include all known functions.
 */
const functions = require('firebase-functions');
const fs = require('fs')
const path = require('path')

fs.readdirSync(process.cwd()).forEach(location => {
  if (!location.startsWith('.')) {
    location = path.resolve(location)

    if (fs.statSync(location).isDirectory() && path.dirname(location).toLowerCase() !== 'node_modules') {
      fs.readdirSync(location).forEach(filepath => {
        filepath = path.join(location, filepath)

        if (fs.statSync(filepath).isFile() && path.extname(filepath).toLowerCase() === '.js') {
          Object.assign(exports, require(filepath))
        }
      })
    }
  }
})

此示例index.js文件仅在根目录内自动包含目录。它可以扩展为遍历目录，荣誉.gitignore等。尽管这对我来说已经足够了。

有了索引文件后，添加新功能就变得微不足道了。

/test/testA.js

const functions = require('firebase-functions');

exports.helloWorld = functions.https.onRequest((request, response) => {
 response.send("Hello from Firebase!");
});

/test/testB.js

const functions = require('firebase-functions');

exports.helloWorld2 = functions.https.onRequest((request, response) => {
 response.send("Hello again, from Firebase!");
});

npm run serve 产量：

λ ~/Workspace/Ventures/Author.io/Firebase/functions/ npm run serve

> functions@ serve /Users/cbutler/Workspace/Ventures/Author.io/Firebase/functions
> firebase serve --only functions


=== Serving from '/Users/cbutler/Workspace/Ventures/Author.io/Firebase'...

i  functions: Preparing to emulate functions.
Warning: You're using Node.js v9.3.0 but Google Cloud Functions only supports v6.11.5.
✔  functions: helloWorld: http://localhost:5000/authorio-ecorventures/us-central1/helloWorld
✔  functions: helloWorld2: http://localhost:5000/authorio-ecorventures/us-central1/helloWorld2

此工作流程几乎就是“编写并运行”，而不必每次添加/修改/删除新功能/文件时都修改index.js文件。

我花了很多时间寻找相同的东西，我认为这是实现它的最佳方法（我使用的是firebase@7.3.0）：

https://codeburst.io/organizing-your-firebase-cloud-functions-67dc17b3b0da

没有汗水;）

上面的答案向我指出了正确的方向，只是没有一个对我真正有用。下面是一个有效的原型，一个onCall，onRequest和一个数据库触发器的示例

foo.js-onCall

exports.handler = async function(data, context, admin) {
    // const database = admin.database();
    // const firestore = admin.firestore();
    //...
};

bar.js-onRequest

exports.handler = async function(req, res, admin) {
    // const database = admin.database();
    // const firestore = admin.firestore();
    //...
};

jar.js-触发器/文档/ onCreate

exports.handler = async function(snapshot, context, admin) {
    // const database = admin.database();
    // const firestore = admin.firestore();
    //...
};

index.js

//导入firebase admin SDK依赖项

const functions = require('firebase-functions');
const admin = require('firebase-admin');
admin.initializeApp(functions.config().firebase); 

// import functions
const foo = require("./foo");
const bar = require("./bar");
const jar = require("./jar");

// onCall for foo.js
exports.foo = functions.https.onCall((data, context) => {
    return foo.handler(data, context, admin);
});

// onRequest for bar.js
exports.bar = functions.https.onRequest((req, res) => {
    return bar.handler(req, res, admin);
});

// document trigger for jar.js
exports.jar = functions.firestore
  .document("parentCollection/{parentCollectionId}")
  .onCreate((snapshot, context) => {
    return jar.handler(snapshot, context, admin);
});

注意：您还可以创建一个子文件夹来存放您的个人功能

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/package.json

/index.js

/lib/foo.js

目录布局

src/index.js -主要出口

src/db.js -Postgres的Cloud SQL客户端

src/store.js -Firebase Firestore客户端

src/someFuncA.js -功能A

src/someFuncB.js -功能B

.babelrc

firebase.json

package.json